Philosophical and theoretical perspectives for advanced nursing practice

Suggestions for Further Reflection

References

Nursing as a Profession

Knowledge of the Discipline

References

Identifying Patterns of Knowing

The Science of Nursing

The Art of Nursing

Esthetic Pattern of Knowing

The Component of Personal Knowledge

The Moral Component

Using Patterns of Knowing

References

The Nature of Paradigms

Paradigms in Nursing

Criticisms of Empiricism

The Interpretative Paradigm

Criticisms of the Interpretative Paradigm

Is Nursing Science a Mature Science?

Single or Multiple Paradigms?

Implications of Multiparadigmism for Nursing Science

Summary

References

Hallmarks of 20thCentury Nursing

Current Trends in Nursing Science

A Prediction

Conclusion

Respecting Nursing Science as Past and as Prologue

Questioning the What Is of Nursing and of Nursing Science

Questioning the Necessity of Logic in Nursing Science

Reconciling Opposites in Nursing Science

Letting Go Moving On and Making a Difference in Nursing Science

Conclusion

References

Introduction

Ethical Considerations

Challenges and Opportunities

Recommendations

A Call to Scholarship

Framing Nursing Knowledge

Foundational Tenets in Guiding the Framing of Nursing Knowledge

Cultivating an Attitude of Openness to Uncertainty and Difference

Understanding the Nature of Suffering

Committing to Social Justice

Recognizing the Significance of Language in Structuring Meaning and Reality

Understanding Health as a Process

Understanding Community as a Process

Participating in Scientific Inquiry

Asserting the Ethics of Individual and Communal Responsibility

Emphasizing Living in the Present Moment

Respecting Life and Nature

Focusing on Quality of Life

References

Feminist Theoretical Perspectives

Feminism Professionalism and Nursing

Early Womens Movement

Nurses and Physicians

Nursing and Professionalism

Knowledge Development

Research and Theory Development

Looking to the Future for Nursing

Knowledge Development

Feminist Epistemology and Research Methodology

Conclusion

References

Perspectives

Quantitative Perspective

Qualitative Perspective

Multicultural Knowledge Development in the United States

Next Steps

References

Domestic Tensions

International Tensions in Nursing Knowledge

A Global Perspective

Conclusions

References

References

References

Nursing as a Process of WellBeing

The Inherent Nursing Process

The Nature of Nursing Processes

WellBeing

Nursing Reconstructed

Refocusing the Lens

Approaching the Frontier

References

Method

Distinct Conceptualizations of Nursing Art

Ability to Grasp Meaning in Patient Encounters

Ability to Establish a Meaningful Connection with the Patient

Ability to Skillfully Perform Nursing Activities

Ability to Determine Rationally an Appropriate Course of Nursing Action

Ability to Conduct Ones Nursing Practice Morally

Conclusion

References

New Views of Old Concepts

Health as Pattern

Dimensions of the Health Experience

Affect

Attitudes

Activity

Aspirations

Accomplishments

Concluding Comments

References

A Differentiated Healing Conceptualization

The Appreciating Context

The Appreciating Process

Participatory

Transformative

A Case of Healing as Appreciating Wholeness

Experience

Perceptions

Relational Narrative

A Dialectical Framework in Practice

References

Nursings Role in Pushing Upstream

The Individual as the Locus of Change

Society as the Locus of Change

Critical Social Theory

Other Examples of Upstream Thinking

References

Egocentric Approach

Homocentric Approach

Ecocentric Approach

Ecocentrism in the Worlds Traditions

Native American Tradition

Eastern Systems of Thought

Western Approaches

Implementing the Ecocentric Paradigm

References

Nursing as Caring

Relationships

Intention

Knowledge

Knowledge and Skills

References

Introduction

A Hermeneutic Study

PersonCenteredness as Authentic Consciousness

Imperfect Duties

The Nurse as a Facilitator of Authentic Consciousness

The Patients Values

The Nurses Values and Expertise

The Context of Care

A Composite Example

Conclusions

Appendix 1

Introduction

Background

Critical Multiplism

Issues Surrounding Critical Multiplism

Critical Multiplism and Triangulation

Relativism and Incommensurability

At What Cost?

Values and Objectivity

Advantages of Critical Multiplism for Nursing

Pattern Identification

Usefulness of Knowledge

Collaboration

References

Humanistic Nursing Model Describes Lived Experiences

Clinical Situation as Lived by Elise

Preparation of the Nurse for Coming to Know

Nurse Knowing Other Scientifically

Succession Within the Nurse from the Many to the Paradoxical One

Philosophy of Science and Nursing Theory Are in a State of Transition

Humanistic Nursing Complements Other Approaches in Patient Care

References

Defining Human Science

Significance of Human Science for Nursing

Analysis of the Nursing Frameworks

Incorporating Diverging Beliefs

Intentional FreeWilled Beings

The Nature of Reality

Extending Essential Beliefs

Parses Theory of Human Becoming

Critique of the Theory of Human Becoming

Conclusion

References

On Nursing Theories

Patterns of Knowing as Theories

On Evidence

Conclusions

References

To What End Is Evidence Sought?

The Nature of Evidence

Values Inherent in the Call for EvidenceBased Practice

The Implications of EvidenceBased Practice for Nursing

References

Specific Issues of Concern

Where Is the Evidence?

Obscuring the TheoryPractice Link

SelfServing or Other Serving

The Misrepresentation of Evidence

References

Attitude of Inquiry and Openness

Metacognition and Metatheory

Integrating Multiple Levels of Theory

Perspective Taking

Empowerment

References

Based in Reductionist Science

A Nursing Process Approach

The Circle of Caring

A Contextualized Database

The Nature of Patient Responses

A Broadened Approach to Therapeutics

Who Decides? According to Whom?

The Return of the Good Fairy

References

Relevance of TheoryBased Practice in Nursing

Issues Related to TheoryBased Nursing Practice

Structure of Nursing Knowledge and Perspective Transformation

Models and Theories Applicable in Advanced Nursing Practice

Family Models

Community Models

Other Useful Models and Theories

Selection of Relevant Models and Theories

Guidelines for Selecting Models and Theories for Nursing Practice

Application of TheoryBased Nursing Practice

Summary

References

Index

Copyright